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Châu Âu có hơn 1,4 triệu tập dữ liệu mở, Việt Nam mới có 10,6 nghìn tập


Những số liệu trên được đưa ra tại tờ trình Thủ tướng về việc ban hành Danh mục dữ liệu mở của cơ quan nhà nước ưu tiên triển khai của Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông. Dự thảo Quyết định của Thủ tướng về ban hành Danh mục dữ liệu mở của cơ quan nhà nước ưu tiên triển khai cũng đang được Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông (đơn vị xây dựng dự thảo) lấy ý kiến nhân dân.

Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông cho biết, theo kết quả đánh giá, khảo sát, các quốc gia trên thế giới nổi bật trong việc cung cấp dữ liệu mở của cơ quan nhà nước có thể kể đến gồm: Đan Mạch, Hà Lan, Singapore, Úc, Nhật, New Zealand, Estonia, Pháp, Thái Lan, Canada, Hàn Quốc, Anh, Ấn Độ, Mỹ…

Theo đó, các quốc gia đã cung cấp dữ liệu mở nhiều về số lượng, đa dạng các chủ đề, cung cấp dưới nhiều định dạng thuận tiện cho việc sử dụng. Đơn cử như cổng dữ liệu mở chính phủ Úc đã có hơn 105.000 tập dữ liệu với nhiều chủ đề đa dạng; cổng dữ liệu mở chính phủ New Zealand có hơn 31.055 tập dữ liệu với các chủ đề như: đất đai, chính quyền địa phương và khu vực, môi trường và bảo tồn, dân số và xã hội, khoa học và nghiên cứu, y tế, giao thông, hạ tầng.

Nguồn: Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông.
Nguồn: Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông.

Cổng dữ liệu mở chính phủ Mỹ có hơn 348.419 tập dữ liệu với các chủ đề: Nông nghiệp, khí hậu, giáo dục, năng lượng, tài chính, sản xuất, sức khỏe, chính quyền địa phương, chế tạo, hàng hải, đại dương, an toàn, thiên tai, người tiêu dùng, khoa học và nghiên cứu…

Cổng dữ liệu mở châu Âu có hơn 1.420.820 tập dữ liệu gồm các chủ đề: mông nghiệp – lâm nghiệp, kinh tế và tài chính, giáo dục, văn hóa và thể thao, năng lượng, môi trường, chính phủ và các vùng, hệ thống luật pháp và an toàn công cộng, sức khỏe, các vấn đề quốc tế, dân số và xã hội, các vùng và thành phố, khoa học công nghệ, giao thông…

Tại khu vực Đông Nam Á, cổng dữ liệu mở Indonesia có hơn 48.995 tập dữ liệu với các chủ đề: thực phẩm, năng lượng, cơ sở hạ tầng, hàng hải, sức khỏe, giáo dục, kinh tế, ngành công nghiệp, du lịch, cải cách hành chính…; cổng dữ liệu mở của Singapore có hơn 350.000 lượt người truy cập hàng tháng, 30.000 dữ liệu được tải xuống và 13 triệu lượt gọi API với các chủ đề: kinh tế, giáo dục, môi trường, tài chính, sức khỏe, hạ tầng, xã hội, công nghệ, giao thông.

Nguồn: Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông.
Nguồn: Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông.

Đối với Việt Nam, Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông cho biết, tính đến thời điểm hiện tại, Cổng dữ liệu quốc gia có hơn 10.605 tập dữ liệu. Trong đó, chủ đề có nhiều tập dữ liệu nhất lần lượt là xã hội với 9.989 tập dữ liệu, công nghệ (117). Các cơ quan cung cấp dữ liệu nhiều nhất là Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội với 10.045 tập dữ liệu, tiếp đến là Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông với 142 tập dữ liệu, Bộ Lao động – Thương binh và Xã hội (107), Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo (97), Bộ Y tế (65), Bộ Tài nguyên và Môi trường (50).

Về định dạng, các bộ dữ liệu chủ yếu cung cấp dưới dạng PDF với 9.537 tập dữ liệu chiếm hơn 94,9%, như vậy, các tập dữ liệu có định dạng thuận tiện cho việc sử dụng, khai thác chỉ hơn 500 tập dữ liệu.

“Xét ở góc độ nội dung, chất lượng và định dạng của dữ liệu, Cổng dữ liệu quốc gia vẫn còn nhiều hạn chế”, tờ trình của Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông đánh giá.

Trước đó, tháng 6/2020, Thủ tướng đã phê duyệt Quyết định số 749 về Chương trình Chuyển đổi số quốc gia đến năm 2025, định hướng đến năm 2030, theo chương trình, mục tiêu cơ bản đến năm 2030 bao gồm việc mở dữ liệu cho các tổ chức, doanh nghiệp, tăng 30% dịch vụ sáng tạo dựa trên dữ liệu phục vụ người dân, doanh nghiệp.

Quyết định cũng chỉ ra một số nhiệm vụ, giải pháp phát triển chính phủ số trong đó có nội dung tạo lập dữ liệu mở dễ dàng truy cập, sử dụng, tăng cường công khai, minh bạch, phòng, chống tham nhũng, thúc đẩy phát triển các dịch vụ số trong nền kinh tế.

Hay tại Quyết định số 942/QĐ-TTg ngày 15/6/2021 của Thủ tướng phê duyệt Chiến lược phát triển Chính phủ điện tử hướng tới Chính phủ số giai đoạn 2021 – 2025, định hướng đến năm 2030 đã đề cập đến nhiều nội dung liên quan đến dữ liệu mở. Chiến lược đã đưa ra quan điểm dữ liệu là tài nguyên mới, cơ quan nhà nước mở dữ liệu và cung cấp dữ liệu mở phục vụ phát triển Chính phủ số, kinh tế số, xã hội số.

Đồng thời, mục tiêu đặt ra đến năm 2025, 100% cơ quan nhà nước cấp bộ, tỉnh tham gia mở dữ liệu và cung cấp dữ liệu mở phục vụ phát triển Chính phủ số, kinh tế số, xã hội số. Đồng thời, cần phải có sự thay đổi đột phá xếp hạng của quốc gia, trong đó có chỉ tiêu Việt Nam thuộc nhóm 50 nước dẫn đầu về chỉ số dữ liệu mở…

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